1.

A:

根據協會條款(Institute Clauses)規定，被保險標的物之固有瑕疵或本質引起的損害或費用，乃屬於一般不保條款之範圍，故無法向保險公司索賠。對保險公司之索賠，可由要保人或保險受益人提出。此項貨物之瑕疵賠償，買方可向賣方(即TIMES公司)索賠，TIMES公司不得拒付。

Q:

A:

按CIF成交者，保險係由賣方投保，保險單上的受益人為賣方。賣方則於押匯時，將保險單做空白背書，最後移轉給買方。如承保貨物因承保危險發生損害或滅失時，可由買方檢具索賠文件(包括索賠函、保險單、公證報告、提單副本、發票、裝箱單及承運商拒絕索賠書)向保險公司索賠，但也可要求賣方協助索賠事宜。

3.

A:

A:

(2)保險公司負責之範圍視保險契約而定，於機器運送時，若貨主未加保機器置險(INSTITUTE REPLACEMENT CLAUSE)，則縱機器損壞係發生於所投保險所涵蓋之危險所發生，然保險公司僅負責修理費用而已，並不負責重置(REPLACEMENT)。

4.

A.B.C.公司於數日前進口機器一部，約美金貳拾多萬元，但於途中因搬運不慎而損害(部分)，其損害原因乃因出口商沒按信用狀規定“不得轉運”而由紐約空運至韓國，再轉東京達台灣，此種穩況、責任歸屬 ，應是保險公司或者是出口商。(Shipment forwarder 是由出口商自行找的)。

A:

信用狀上有不得轉讓之規定，保險契約上如沒有此項規定，則二者仍獨立的事，因此所提之進口機器一部運輸途中不慎損害，保險單承保全險則當然在賠付之列。至於賠償金額是按損害部分之修理或重置之所需費用為限，茲附上Replacement Clause作為參考:

Replacement Clause:
Used mainly in insurances on machinery as cargo, the clause provides that in respect of damage the insurer’s?liability shall be limited to replacing and fitting the broken part. This prevents the assured from claiming a total loss on the grounds of “loss of species”. Such a claim being based on the assured’s? contention that he is unable to use the machine for the purpose for which it was intended.

Q:

退運進口貨品是否可投保?可投保那種險?

A:

退運進口貨品可投保，但保險公司可要求貨主提出公證報告以明瞭貨物情況再行承保，至於投保那種險，視貨物性質及一般習慣而定，如事先不說明係退貨，則係違背海上保險誠信原則，保險效力自始不存在，所謂誠信是指Good Faith 而言:

Good Faith之意義是:
Since the insurer and assured seldom meet and the property insured is not in a position where the insurer can examine it, marine insurance must be based on “Good Faith”. The Marine Insurance Act provides that the utmost good faith must be observed by both parties and if it is not so observed the aggrieved party may avoid the contract. The insurer accepts in good faith what is told him when the insurance is effected. If it turns out to be materially untrue the insurer may avoid the contract and repudiate all claims.